Guide (New 2025) Actual Cisco 100-150 Exam Questions
100-150 Exam Dumps Pass with Updated 2025 Certified Exam Questions
NEW QUESTION # 21
In the network shown in the following graphic, Switch1 is a Layer 2 switch.
PC-A sends a frame to PC-C. Switch1 does not have a mapping entry for the MAC address of PC-C. Which action does Switch1 take?
- A. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
- B. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
- C. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
- D. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Understanding How Layer 2 Switches Handle Unknown MAC Addresses
Switches operate at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model and maintain a MAC address table (CAM table) to forward frames efficiently.
* When a switch receives a frame, it checks its MAC address table to see if it knows the destination MAC address.
* If the destination MAC address is not in the table (meaning the switch does not know which port leads to PC-C), the switch follows the flooding behavior.
What Happens When Switch1 Receives a Frame from PC-A to PC-C?
* Switch1 checks its MAC table:
* The source MAC (PC-A) is recorded in the table on port G0/1.
* The destination MAC (PC-C) is not in the table.
* Switch1 does not know where PC-C is:
* It floods the frame out of all active ports except the port it was received on (G0/1).
* This means the frame is sent to:
* Switch2 (via G0/23)
* PC-B (via G0/2)
* Switch2 receives the frame and follows the same process:
* If Switch2 has PC-C's MAC in its table, it forwards the frame appropriately.
* If not, it floods the frame again until PC-C replies.
* Once PC-C responds, Switch1 and Switch2 learn its MAC address and update their tables.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
# A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect: Switches do not query other switches directly for MAC addresses. Instead, they rely on learning MAC addresses dynamically through frame forwarding.
# B. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
* Incorrect: Switches do not drop frames for unknown MAC addresses. Instead, they flood the frames out all ports except the incoming port.
# D. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect:
* ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is only used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.
* Since PC-A is sending a frame (Layer 2), not an IP packet (Layer 3), ARP is not involved here.
Conclusion
Since Switch1 does not know the destination MAC address, it floods the frame out all active ports except the port it was received on. This is the default behavior of Layer 2 switches when they encounter an unknown MAC address.
Thus, the correct answer is:# C. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
References
* Cisco CCNA 200-301 Official Guide - MAC Address Table & Frame Forwarding
* RFC 894 - Standard for Ethernet Frame Forwarding
* Cisco Networking Essentials - Switch Flooding Behavior
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which address is included in the 192.168.200.0/24 network?
- A. 192.168.1.13
- B. 192.168.201.13
- C. 192.168.199.13
- D. 192.168.200.13
Answer: D
Explanation:
*192.168.200.0/24 Network: This subnet includes all addresses from 192.168.200.0 to 192.168.200.255. The
/24 indicates a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which allows for 256 addresses.
*192.168.199.13: This address is in the 192.168.199.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.200.13: This address is within the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.201.13: This address is in the 192.168.201.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.1.13: This address is in the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
References:
*Subnetting Guide: Subnetting Basics
NEW QUESTION # 23
DRAG DROP
Move each network type from the list on the left to the correct example on the right.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Two home office computers are connected to a switch by Ethernet cables.
Network Type: LAN (Local Area Network)
A LAN connects devices within a limited area such as a home, office, or building, using Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi.
Three government buildings in the same city connect to a cable company over coaxial cables. Network Type: MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
A MAN connects networks across a city or campus, often using fiber optic or coaxial cables.
A cell phone connects to a Bluetooth headset.
Network Type: PAN (Personal Area Network)
A PAN connects devices within a personal workspace, typically using wireless technologies like Bluetooth.
A financial institution connects its branches through a telecommunications service provider. Network Type: WAN (Wide Area Network)
A WAN connects multiple LANs over long distances, often using leased lines or satellite links provided by telecommunications companies.
LAN (Local Area Network): Used for connecting devices within a small geographical area such as a single building or home.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a larger geographical area than a LAN, typically a city or campus.
PAN (Personal Area Network): Connects devices within the range of an individual person, such as connecting a phone to a Bluetooth headset.
WAN (Wide Area Network): Spans large geographical areas, connecting multiple LANs across cities, countries, or continents.
Reference: Network Types Overview: Cisco Networking Basics
Understanding Different Network Types: Network Types Guide
NEW QUESTION # 24
What is the primary use of ICMP in network management?
- A. Secure file transfer
- B. Assigning IP addresses
- C. Error reporting and diagnostics
- D. Translating domain names to IP addresses
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 25
A local company requires two networks in two new buildings. The addresses used in these networks must be in the private network range.
Which two address ranges should the company use? Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection. (Choose 2.)
- A. 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
- B. 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
- C. 192.16.0.0 to 192.16.255.255
- D. 11.0.0.0 to 11.255.255.255
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
The private IP address ranges that are set aside specifically for use within private networks and not routable on the internet are as follows:
Class A: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
Class B: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
Class C: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
These ranges are defined by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and are used for local communications within a private network123.
Given the options:
A). 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 falls within the Class B private range.
B). 192.16.0.0 to 192.16.255.255 is not a recognized private IP range.
C). 11.0.0.0 to 11.255.255.255 is not a recognized private IP range.
D). 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 falls within the Class C private range.
Therefore, the correct selections that the company should use for their private networks are A and D.
Reference: =
Reserved IP addresses on Wikipedia
Private IP Addresses in Networking - GeeksforGeeks
Understanding Private IP Ranges, Uses, Benefits, and Warnings
NEW QUESTION # 26
HOTSPOT
Computers in a small office are unable to access companypro.net. You run the ipconfig command on one of the computers.
The results are shown in the exhibit.
You need to determine if you can reach the router.
Which command should you use? Complete the command by selecting the correct options from each drop-down lists.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
To determine if you can reach the router, you should use the ping command followed by the IP address of the router. The ping command is a network utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer.
The Default Gateway in the ipconfig results is typically the router's IP address in a home or small office network. In this case, the Default Gateway is 192.168.0.1, which is the address you would ping to check connectivity to the router.
Reference: =
How to Use the Ping Command
Testing Network Connectivity with the Ping Command
To determine if you can reach the router, you should use the ping command with the IP address of the router.
Command: ping
Target: 192.168.0.1
So, the completed command is:
ping 192.168.0.1
Step by Step Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation.
ping: The ping command sends ICMP Echo Request messages to the target IP address and waits for an Echo Reply. It is commonly used to test the reachability of a network device.
192.168.0.1: This is the IP address of the default gateway (the router) as shown in the ipconfig output. Pinging this address will help determine if the computer can communicate with the router.
Reference: Using the ping Command: ping Command Guide
NEW QUESTION # 27
Select the statements that are correct about bandwidth and throughput (Choose 3).
- A. Reducing latency generally increases throughput.
- B. Low bandwidth can result in increased latency.
- C. High latency reduces the bandwidth capacity.
- D. High bandwidth ensures low latency.
Answer: A,B,C
NEW QUESTION # 28
You want to store files that will be accessible by every user on your network.
Which endpoint device do you need?
- A. Switch
- B. Access point
- C. Hub
- D. Server
Answer: D
Explanation:
To store files that will be accessible by every user on a network, you would need a server.
A server is a computer system that provides data to other computers.
It can serve data to systems on a local network (LAN) or a wide network (WAN) over the internet.
In this context, a file server would be set up to store and manage files, allowing users on the network to access them from their own devices1.
Reference:
What is a Server?
Understanding Servers and Their Functions
A server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other computers over a local network or the internet. In this case, to store files that will be accessible by every user on the network, a file server is the appropriate endpoint device. It provides a centralized location for storing and managing files, allowing users to access and share files easily.
A). Access point: Provides wireless connectivity to a network.
C). Hub: A basic networking device that connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single network segment.
D). Switch: A networking device that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to forward data to the destination device.
Thus, the correct answer is B. Server.
Reference: =
File Server Overview (Cisco)
Server Roles in Networking (Cisco)
NEW QUESTION # 29
A support technician examines the front panel of a Cisco switch and sees 4 Ethernet cables connected in the first four ports. Ports 1, 2, and 3 have a green LED. Port 4 has a blinking green light.
What is the state of the Port 4?
- A. Link is up and there is no activity.
- B. Link is up with cable malfunctions.
- C. Link is up and active.
- D. Link is up and not stable.
Answer: C
Explanation:
On a Cisco switch, a port with a blinking green LED typically indicates that the port is up (active) and is currently transmitting or receiving data.
This is a normal state indicating active traffic on the port.
* A. Link is up with cable malfunctions: Usually indicated by an amber or blinking amber light.
* B. Link is up and not stable: Not typically indicated by a green blinking light.
* D. Link is up and there is no activity: Would be indicated by a solid green light without blinking.
Thus, the correct answer is C. Link is up and active.
Reference: =
* Cisco Switch LED Indicators
* Cisco Ethernet Switch LED Patterns
NEW QUESTION # 30
Examine the following output:
Which two conclusions can you make from the output of the tracert command? (Choose 2.) Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct answer.
- A. The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server.
- B. The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline.
- C. The trace failed after the fourth hop.
- D. The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d :: b33.
- E. The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is 2600:1408: c400: 38d: : b33.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
*Statement A: "The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server." This is true as indicated by the
"Trace complete" message at the end, showing that the trace has reached its destination.
*Statement C: "The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is true because the final hop in the trace, which is the destination, has this IPv6 address.
*Statement B: "The trace failed after the fourth hop." This is incorrect as the trace continues beyond the fourth hop, despite some intermediate timeouts.
*Statement D: "The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline." This is not necessarily true. The routers might be configured to not respond to traceroute requests.
*Statement E: "The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is incorrect; this address belongs to the destination server, not the sender.
References:
*Understanding Traceroute: Traceroute Guide
NEW QUESTION # 31
During the data encapsulation process, which OSI layer adds a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking?
- A. Network
- B. Transport
- C. Session
- D. Data Link
Answer: D
Explanation:
During the data encapsulation process, the Data Link layer of the OSI model is responsible for adding a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking. The header typically includes the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer contains a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which is used for error detection1.
The Data Link layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It also controls how data is placed onto the medium and is received from the medium through the physical hardware.
Reference: =
The OSI Model - The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English
OSI Model - Network Direction
Which layer adds both header and trailer to the data?
What is OSI Model | 7 Layers Explained - GeeksforGeeks
NEW QUESTION # 32
A Cisco switch is not accessible from the network. You need to view its running configuration.
Which out-of-band method can you use to access it?
- A. Telnet
- B. SSH
- C. Console
- D. SNMP
Answer: C
Explanation:
Out-of-band management
When a Cisco switch is not accessible from the network, the recommended out-of-band method to access its running configuration is through the console port. Out-of-band management involves accessing the network device through a dedicated management channel that is not part of the data network. The console port provides direct access to the switch's Command Line Interface (CLI) without using the network, which is essential when the switch cannot be accessed remotely via the network12.
References :=
* Out-of-band (OOB) network interface configuration guidelines
* Out of band management configuration
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which device protects the network by permitting or denying traffic based on IP address, port number, or application?
- A. Access point
- B. VPN gateway
- C. Intrusion detection system
- D. Firewall
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Firewall: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It permits or denies traffic based on IP addresses, port numbers, or applications.
* Access Point: This is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi.
It does not perform traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.
* VPN Gateway: This device allows for secure connections between networks over the internet, but it is not primarily used for traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.
* Intrusion Detection System (IDS): This device monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and policy violations, but it does not actively permit or deny traffic.
References:
* Understanding Firewalls: Firewall Basics
NEW QUESTION # 34
Move the security options from the list on the left to its characteristic on the right. You may use each security option once, more than once, or not at all.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct answer.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
The correct matching of the security options to their characteristics is as follows:
* WPA2-Enterprise: Uses a RADIUS server for authentication
* WEP: Uses a minimum of 40 bits for encryption
* WPA2-Personal: Uses AES and a pre-shared key for authentication
Here's why each security option matches the characteristic:
* WPA2-Enterprise uses a RADIUS server for authentication, which provides centralized Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) management for users who connect and use a network service.
* WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is an outdated security protocol that uses a minimum of 40 bits for encryption (and up to 104 bits), which is relatively weak by today's standards.
* WPA2-Personal (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 - Personal) uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encryption and a pre-shared key (PSK) for authentication, which is shared among users to access the network.
These security options are essential for protecting wireless networks from unauthorized access and ensuring data privacy.
NEW QUESTION # 35
A Cisco PoE switch is shown in the following image.
Which type of port will provide both data connectivity and power to an IP phone?
- A. Ports identified with number 6
- B. Ports identified with numbers 3 and 4
- C. Ports identified with number 7
- D. Port identified with number 2
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the provided image of the Cisco PoE switch, the ports identified with number 6 are the standard RJ-45 Ethernet ports typically found on switches that provide both data connectivity and Power over Ethernet (PoE). PoE ports are designed to supply power to devices such as IP phones, wireless access points, and other PoE-enabled devices directly through the Ethernet cable.
Ports:
* 2: Console port (for management and configuration)
* 3 and 4: Specific function ports (often for management)
* 6: RJ-45 Ethernet ports (capable of providing PoE)
* 7: SFP ports (for fiber connections, typically do not provide PoE) Thus, the correct answer is C. Ports identified with number 6.
Reference: =
* Cisco Catalyst 2960-L Series Switches Data Sheet
* Cisco PoE Overview
NEW QUESTION # 36
Examine the following output:
Which two conclusions can you make from the output of the tracert command? Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct answer. (Choose 2.)
- A. The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server.
- B. The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline.
- C. The trace failed after the fourth hop.
- D. The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d :: b33.
- E. The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is 2600:1408: c400: 38d: : b33.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
* Statement A: "The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server." This is true as indicated by the "Trace complete" message at the end, showing that the trace has reached its destination.
* Statement C: "The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is
2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is true because the final hop in the trace, which is the destination, has this IPv6 address.
* Statement B: "The trace failed after the fourth hop." This is incorrect as the trace continues beyond the fourth hop, despite some intermediate timeouts.
* Statement D: "The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline." This is not necessarily true. The routers might be configured to not respond to traceroute requests.
* Statement E: "The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is incorrect; this address belongs to the destination server, not the sender.
Reference: * Understanding Traceroute: Traceroute Guide
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which two statements are true about the IPv4 address of the default gateway configured on a host? (Choose 2.) Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
- A. The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host.
- B. The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network.
- C. The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host.
- D. The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet.
- E. Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
*Statement B: "The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network." This is true because all hosts on the same local network (subnet) use the same default gateway IP address to send packets destined for other networks.
*Statement D: "The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host." This is true because the default gateway is the IP address of the router's interface that is directly connected to the local network.
*Statement A: "The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet." This is not necessarily true. The default gateway can be any address within the subnet range.
*Statement C: "The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host." This is not true; the default gateway is the IP address of the router's physical or logical interface connected to the local network.
*Statement E: "Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages." This is generally true for IPv6 with Router Advertisement (RA) messages, but not typically how IPv4 hosts learn the default gateway address.
References:
*Cisco Default Gateway Configuration: Cisco Default Gateway
NEW QUESTION # 38
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