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NEW QUESTION # 72
Who is responsible for the strategic results of a new product development process in an organization?
- A. Process owner
- B. Chief executive
- C. Scrum manager
- D. Stage-Gate manager
Answer: A
Explanation:
The process owner is responsible for the strategic results of a new product development process in an organization. The process owner oversees the entire product development process, ensuring it aligns with the company's strategic goals, manages resources, and monitors progress to achieve desired outcomes. This role is crucial for maintaining accountability and driving continuous improvement in the product development process.
References:
Wheelwright, S. C., & Clark, K. B. (1992). "Revolutionizing Product Development: Quantum Leaps in Speed, Efficiency, and Quality". Free Press.
Cooper, R. G., Edgett, S. J., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (2004). "Benchmarking Best NPD Practices".
Research-Technology Management.
NEW QUESTION # 73
When considering the roles a Heavyweight Project Manager can fill, a Concept Infuser is a concept guardian, that confronts conflicts, not only reacts but implements own philosophy; ultimate decision maker, coordination of details and creation of harmony?
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
A Heavyweight Project Manager, particularly in the context of product development, often takes on the role of a Concept Infuser. This role involves being a guardian of the concept, confronting conflicts proactively, not just reacting to issues but also implementing their own philosophy, being the ultimate decision-maker, coordinating details, and fostering harmony within the team. This approach ensures that the project remains aligned with the original vision and can navigate through challenges effectively.
Thus, the correct answer is A: True.
References:
Clark, K. B., & Wheelwright, S. C. (1992). Organizing and Leading Heavyweight Development Teams. California Management Review.
Wheelwright, S. C., & Clark, K. B. (1992). Revolutionizing Product Development: Quantum Leaps in Speed, Efficiency, and Quality. Free Press.
NEW QUESTION # 74
Which of the following is not a deliverable to be completed during the Concept Generation phase?
- A. Product Concept Statement
- B. Outside Sources
- C. Problem-based Ideation
- D. Inside Sources
Answer: D
Explanation:
During the Concept Generation phase of product development, deliverables typically include a Product Concept Statement, which outlines the vision and scope of the new product; Problem-based Ideation, which involves brainstorming solutions to identified problems; and Outside Sources, which involve gathering ideas and input from external stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, and market research. "Inside Sources" does not specifically represent a deliverable but rather a general term for internal idea generation which would be part of the ideation process rather than a specific deliverable. References: Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2015). Product Design and Development (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
NEW QUESTION # 75
Which of the following are considerations for product use testing?
I. Determine the objective for the product use test
II. Determine whether blind or branded tests are appropriate
III. Determine whether supervised or unsupervised testing is appropriate IV. Determine whether product should be tested alone, with another product, or against another product
- A. II, III, IV
- B. I, II, III, IV
- C. I, II, III
- D. I, II, IV
Answer: B
Explanation:
Considerations for product use testing include:
I. Determine the objective for the product use test: Clearly defining what you aim to learn or achieve through the test.
II. Determine whether blind or branded tests are appropriate: Deciding if the test should be conducted without revealing the brand to avoid bias or with branding to gauge brand perception.
III. Determine whether supervised or unsupervised testing is appropriate: Choosing between observing users during the test or allowing them to use the product independently.
IV. Determine whether product should be tested alone, with another product, or against another product: Deciding the context in which the product will be used, such as on its own, in conjunction with other products, or in comparison to competitors.
All these considerations help ensure that the product use testing provides comprehensive and actionable insights. References: Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2015). Product Design and Development.
McGraw-Hill Education.
NEW QUESTION # 76
What quantitative market research tool should be used to identify a gap in the products offered to a market?
- A. Any appropriate multivariate technique
- B. Secondary research
- C. On-line forums
- D. Lead users
Answer: A
Explanation:
To identify a gap in the products offered to a market, "Any appropriate multivariate technique" is the correct quantitative market research tool. Multivariate techniques such as factor analysis, cluster analysis, or multidimensional scaling can be used to analyze complex data sets and identify patterns or gaps in the market. These techniques allow for the simultaneous analysis of multiple variables, helping to uncover relationships and market opportunities that might not be evident through simpler analysis methods.
NEW QUESTION # 77
You are hired as a new product development consultant by an established company that is having challenges with its new product development innovation initiatives. Upon observing the work practices across the company, you note an emphasis on individuals working alone, very little social interaction either at or outside of work, limited recignition of staff performance, and frequent criticism of failure. What specific area wolud you recommend as the primary focus for the company to improve its product innovation?
- A. Encouraging senior managers to get more involved in product innovation
- B. An improved product innovation process, used by all staff
- C. Better tools to assist in all aspects of product innovation
- D. Developing a culture of innobation
Answer: D
Explanation:
A culture of innovation is crucial for successful product development. This involves fostering an environment that encourages collaboration, values creative thinking, recognizes and rewards performance, and views failures as learning opportunities. By improving the organizational culture, the company can enhance employee engagement and motivation, leading to more effective and sustained innovation. Reference:
Christensen, C.M. (1997). The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail.
Harvard Business Review Press.
NEW QUESTION # 78
Which of the following are recommendations for using focus groups?
I. Do one focus group for each topic and market segment
II. Avoid focus group veterans
III. If the topic is uncommon or technical, make sure the moderator has the appropriate background IV. Remember focus groups are a technique for learning how and why; not for testing hypotheses
- A. I, II, III, IV
- B. I, II, III
- C. I, III, IV
- D. II, III, IV
Answer: D
Explanation:
Focus groups are a qualitative research method used to gather insights on how and why people think or feel a certain way about a product, service, or concept. The following are recommended practices for using focus groups:
II. Avoid focus group veterans: To prevent bias and ensure fresh perspectives, it's important to include participants who have not frequently participated in focus groups. III. If the topic is uncommon or technical, make sure the moderator has the appropriate background: This ensures that the moderator can effectively guide the discussion and probe deeper into technical aspects. IV. Remember focus groups are a technique for learning how and why; not for testing hypotheses: Focus groups are exploratory in nature and are best used to understand underlying reasons and motivations, rather than for hypothesis testing.
Thus, the correct answer is D: II, III, IV.
References:
Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. SAGE Publications.
Morgan, D. L. (1997). Focus Groups as Qualitative Research. SAGE Publications.
NEW QUESTION # 79
A value proposition should focus on _____________, not ____________?
- A. Revenue, costs
- B. Features, benefits
- C. Benefits, costs
- D. Benefits, features
Answer: D
Explanation:
A value proposition should focus on benefits, not features. Benefits describe the value and advantages that customers gain from using a product or service, whereas features are the specific attributes or functionalities of the product. Focusing on benefits helps to clearly communicate how the product solves a problem or improves the customer's situation, which is more compelling and persuasive to potential buyers.
References:
Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., Bernarda, G., & Smith, A. (2014). "Value Proposition Design: How to Create Products and Services Customers Want". Wiley.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2012). "Marketing Management" (14th ed.). Pearson Education.
NEW QUESTION # 80
In a bubble chart Bread and Butter are the smaller, simpler projects with high likelihood of success and low reward, so they are conservative bets.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
In a bubble chart used for portfolio management, projects are often categorized based on their risk and reward profiles. "Bread and Butter" projects are described as smaller, simpler projects with a high likelihood of success but relatively low reward. These projects are considered conservative bets because they are less risky and usually focus on incremental improvements or well-understood market needs. This categorization helps in balancing a portfolio with projects of varying risk levels and potential rewards.
Thus, the correct answer is A: True.
References:
Cooper, R. G., Edgett, S. J., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (2001). Portfolio Management for New Products.
Basic Books.
Wheelwright, S. C., & Clark, K. B. (1992). Revolutionizing Product Development. Free Press.
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which ideation tool used in new product development generates a graphical output linking various pieces of information, ideas and thoughts?
- A. Brainwriting
- B. Mind-mapping
- C. Delphi technique
- D. Brainstorming
Answer: B
Explanation:
Mind-mapping is an ideation tool used in new product development that visually organizes information, ideas, and thoughts. It helps in structuring brainstorming sessions and capturing the flow of ideas in a graphical format, making it easier to identify relationships and generate new insights. Reference: Buzan, T.
(2010). The Mind Map Book: Unlock your creativity, boost your memory, change your life. BBC Active.
NEW QUESTION # 82
The purpose of the Testing & Validation Stage is to test and trial the product in the market, the lab and the production system.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
The purpose of the Testing & Validation Stage in the new product development process is indeed to test and trial the product in various contexts, including:
Market: Testing how the product performs with real customers and gathers feedback.
Lab: Ensuring the product meets technical specifications and performance criteria under controlled conditions.
Production system: Verifying that the product can be manufactured consistently at the desired quality levels.
This stage ensures that the product is ready for full-scale production and market launch, minimizing risks of failure post-launch. References: Cooper, R. G. (2001). Winning at New Products: Accelerating the Process from Idea to Launch. Basic Books.
NEW QUESTION # 83
The product concept description should include which three elements?
- A. Customer needs, enviromental factos, customer use reports
- B. Competitive benchmark, concept description, qualitative measures
- C. Core benefits, tangible attributes and augmented features
- D. Qualitative descrption, quantitative parameters nad technical deliverables
Answer: C
Explanation:
A product concept description should clearly articulate the core benefits, tangible attributes, and augmented features of the product. This structured approach ensures that the concept covers the fundamental value the product offers (core benefits), the physical or measurable characteristics (tangible attributes), and any additional services or features that enhance the product's appeal (augmented features). These elements help in creating a comprehensive and clear product concept that can be effectively communicated to stakeholders and customers. Reference: "New Products Management" by C. Merle Crawford and C. Anthony Di Benedetto discusses these three elements in detail as part of the product development process.
NEW QUESTION # 84
In project management, Monitoring/Control reports and reviews deal with which of the following:
I. Scope/Performance
II. Business/Financial Impact
III. Schedule/Time
IV. Budget/Cost
- A. I, II, III, IV
- B. I, III
- C. II, IV
- D. I, II, IV
Answer: A
Explanation:
Monitoring/Control reports and reviews in project management deal with several critical aspects to ensure the project remains on track:
I. Scope/Performance: Ensuring that the project meets its defined objectives and deliverables.
II. Business/Financial Impact: Assessing the financial viability and business impact of the project.
III. Schedule/Time: Tracking project timelines and milestones to ensure timely completion.
IV. Budget/Cost: Monitoring project costs to stay within the allocated budget.
These elements are essential for comprehensive project management and ensuring project success.
References: Project Management Institute. (2017). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide). Project Management Institute.
NEW QUESTION # 85
When developing metrics for a company, which of the following is a consideration in this process?
- A. The scope of the measurement (e.g. business unit-wide, project-wide)
- B. The audience for the measurement (e.g. executives, middle managers)
- C. The time-frame of the measurement (e.g. past results, current performance)
- D. All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation:
When developing metrics for a company, it is important to consider the scope of the measurement, the time-frame of the measurement, and the audience for the measurement. These factors ensure that the metrics are relevant, accurate, and useful for decision-making:
Scope of the measurement: Determines whether the metrics apply to a specific project, a business unit, or the entire organization.
Time-frame of the measurement: Ensures that metrics reflect past performance, current performance, and future projections.
Audience for the measurement: Ensures that metrics are tailored to the needs of executives, middle managers, or other stakeholders.
References:
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1996). "The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action".
Harvard Business School Press.
Neely, A., Gregory, M., & Platts, K. (1995). "Performance measurement system design: A literature review and research agenda". International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
NEW QUESTION # 86
The process desgned to build a product through a series of fixedlength iterations givining teams a framework for shipping software on a regular cadence is called:
- A. Lean
- B. Sprint
- C. Agile
- D. Scrum
Answer: D
Explanation:
The process designed to build a product through a series of fixed-length iterations, giving teams a framework for shipping software on a regular cadence, is called Scrum. Scrum is a subset of Agile methodologies and focuses on delivering incremental updates to a product through iterative cycles called sprints, typically lasting
2-4 weeks. Each sprint includes planning, execution, and review phases, allowing teams to continuously improve and adapt based on feedback. This iterative approach promotes frequent delivery of functional software, enhancing adaptability and responsiveness to change (Schwaber & Sutherland, 2017; Rubin, 2012).
NEW QUESTION # 87
A product manager reviewed technical publications, electronic databases, and websites prior to deisgning a research project that directly contacts prospective customers. This review of already-published materials is an example of:
- A. Market testing
- B. Portfolio management
- C. Secondary market research
- D. Voice of the customer
Answer: C
Explanation:
Secondary market research involves reviewing and analyzing already published materials such as technical publications, electronic databases, and websites to gather information relevant to a research project. This type of research leverages existing data to inform and guide the primary research efforts that involve direct customer contact. Reference: Burns, A.C., & Bush, R.F. (2010). Marketing Research. Pearson.
NEW QUESTION # 88
Mission statements helps organizations to ____.
- A. Plan to product launch
- B. Initiate ideas
- C. Focus people and resources
- D. Borrow capital at a low rate
Answer: C
Explanation:
Mission statements help organizations to focus their people and resources by clearly defining the purpose and primary objectives of the organization. They provide direction and a sense of purpose, helping to align efforts across different departments and teams towards common goals. A well-crafted mission statement communicates the organization's core values and objectives, which guides decision-making and prioritizes resource allocation. This concept is widely accepted in management literature, where the mission statement is seen as a critical tool for strategic alignment and organizational coherence (Drucker, 1974; Campbell & Yeung, 1991).
NEW QUESTION # 89
Looking at Project Strategy Types: a product that is "Low" when looking how new to the firm it is and "Low" when considering its newness to the market is best known as which of the following product types:
- A. New to the World
- B. New to the Company
- C. Product Improvements
- D. Cost Reductions
Answer: C
Explanation:
When a product is "Low" in terms of how new it is to the firm and "Low" in terms of its newness to the market, it is best known as a Product Improvement. This type of product involves enhancements or modifications to existing products rather than entirely new products or those that open new markets. Product improvements aim to upgrade the performance, quality, or features of existing products, thus maintaining competitiveness and customer satisfaction.
Thus, the correct answer is D: Product Improvements.
References:
Cooper, R. G. (2001). Winning at New Products: Accelerating the Process from Idea to Launch. Basic Books.
Crawford, C. M., & Di Benedetto, C. A. (2014). New Products Management. McGraw-Hill Education.
NEW QUESTION # 90
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The NPDP certification is open to professionals who have experience in product development, research and development, engineering, marketing, and project management. It is a globally recognized certification that demonstrates an individual’s competency in product development and management. Product Development Professional (NPDP) Certification Exam certification is ideal for professionals who want to enhance their skills and knowledge in product development, and who want to stay current with industry trends and best practices.
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