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NEW QUESTION # 23
Refer to the exhibit.
Examine the intrusion prevention system (IPS) diagnostic command.
Which statement is correct If option 5 was used with the IPS diagnostic command and the outcome was a decrease in the CPU usage?
- A. The IPS engine was blocking all traffic.
- B. The IPS engine will continue to run in a normal state.
- C. The IPS engine was inspecting high volume of traffic.
- D. The IPS engine was unable to prevent an intrusion attack.
Answer: C
Explanation:
If there are high-CPU use problems caused by the IPS, you can use the diagnose test application ipsmonitor command with option 5 to isolate where the problem might be. Option 5 enables IPS bypass mode.
In this mode, the IPS engine is still running, but it is not inspecting traffic.
If the CPU use decreases after that, it usually indicates that the volume of traffic being inspected is too high for that FortiGate model.
If the CPU use remains high after enabling IPS bypass mode, it usually indicates a problem in the IPS engine, which you must report to Fortinet Support.
If there are high-CPU use problems caused by the IPS, you can use the diagnose test application ipsmonitor command with option 5 to isolate where the problem might be. Option 5 enables IPS bypass mode. In this mode, the IPS engine is still running, but it is not inspecting traffic. If the CPU use decreases after that, it usually indicates that the volume of traffic being inspected is too high for that FortiGate model.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Refer to the FortiGuard connection debug output.
Based on the output shown in the exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. One server was contacted to retrieve the contract information.
- B. FortiGate is using default FortiGuard communication settings.
- C. There is at least one server that lost packets consecutively.
- D. A local FortiManager is one of the servers FortiGate communicates with.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
B is correct, one server has the flag DI which means it was contacted to retrieve contract information. A:
no server has packets dropped
C: No local(ip) fortimanager can be seen
D:......Anycast is enabled by default(as it says on the study guide) so its not using default settings. still, it uses HTTPS(TCP) and port 443 under tcp so we can consider this a default setting.
"by default, FortiGate is configured to enforce the use of HTTPS port 443 to perform live filtering with FortiGuard or FortiManager" We did check ourFortiGate and its configured the same.
Anycast is Enabled by default, but A and C are definitely incorrect.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which two statements are true about collector agent advanced mode? (Choose two.)
- A. Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups.
- B. FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client and group filters can be configured on FortiGate.
- C. Advanced mode uses Windows convention-NetBios: Domain\Username.
- D. Security profiles can be applied only to user groups, nor individual users.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In FortiGate's FSSO (Fortinet Single Sign-On) feature, the collector agent operates in either standard mode or advanced mode.
Here's an explanation of the statements:
B. FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client, and group filters can be configured on FortiGate:
In advanced mode, FortiGate can act as an LDAP client, allowing it to directly query Active Directory for user and group information. Group filters can be configured on FortiGate to selectively include or exclude specific groups in the FSSO process. This provides more flexibility and control over which groups are considered for FSSO integration.
C. Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups:
In advanced mode, FortiGate can recognize and utilize nested group structures in Active Directory.
Nested groups refer to groups that contain other groups as members. With advanced mode, FortiGate can accurately reflect the group memberships and apply policies accordingly.
These features enhance the capabilities of FSSO in advanced mode, making it suitable for environments with complex group structures and the need for more granular control over user and group policies.
- In advanced mode, you can configure FortiGate as an LDAP client and configure the group filters on FortiGate.
- Also, advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups.
D. Incorrect, Netbios is Standard mode.
A. Incorrect, in Advanced mode, FortiGate can apply security profiles to individual users, user groups, and OUs.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial configuration from the remote authentication server.
Why does the FortiGate administrator need this configuration?
- A. To authenticate Any FortiGate user groups.
- B. To authenticate only the Training user group.
- C. To authenticate and match the Training OU on the RADIUS server.
- D. To set up a RADIUS server Secret
Answer: C
Explanation:
The configuration shown in the exhibit indicates that the FortiGate is using a Fortinet-specific RADIUS attribute (Fortinet-Group-Name) with the value "Training." This setup allows the FortiGate to authenticate users against the RADIUS server and match them to the "Training" Organizational Unit (OU). By doing so, only users within this specific group or OU can be authenticated and allowed access through the FortiGate.
References:
* FortiOS 7.4.1 Administration Guide: RADIUS Server Configuration
NEW QUESTION # 27
Refer to the exhibits.
The exhibits show a diagram of a FortiGate device connected to the network, as well as the IP pool configuration and firewall policy objects.
The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200.1.1/24. The LAN (port3) interface has the IPaddress
10.0.1.254/24.
Which IP address will be used to source NAT (SNAT) the traffic, if the user on Local-Client (10.0.1.10) pings the IP address of Remote-FortiGate (10.200.3.1)?
- A. 10.200.1.99
- B. 10.200.1.49
- C. 10.200.1.1
- D. 10.200.1.149
Answer: A
Explanation:
The traffic from the user on Local-Client (10.0.1.10) pinging the IP address of Remote-FortiGate (10.200.3.1) will match the firewall policy with the service "PING traffic". According to the firewall policy:
* Policy ID 6 is set for PING traffic and uses the NAT IP pool "SNAT-Remote1", which is defined as
10.200.1.99.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which three criteria can FortiGate use to look for a matching firewall policy to process traffic?
(Choose three.)
- A. Services defined in the firewall policy
- B. Lowest to highest policy ID number
- C. Source defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy
- D. Destination defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy
- E. Highest to lowest priority defined in the firewall policy
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
A. Services defined in the firewall policy
C. Destination defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy
E. Source defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy
When a packet arrives, how does FortiGate find a matching policy? Each policy has match criteria, which you can define using the following objects:
* Incoming Interface.
* Outgoing Interface.
* Source: IP address, user, internet services.
* Destination: IP address or internet services.
* Service: IP protocol and port number.
* Schedule: Specific times to apply policy.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Refer to the exhibit.
A network administrator is troubleshooting an IPsec tunnel between two FortiGate devices. The administrator has determined that phase 1 failed to come up. The administrator has also re-entered the pre-shared key on both FortiGate devices to make sure they match.
Based on the phase 1 configuration and the diagram shown in the exhibit, which two configuration changes can the administrator make to bring phase 1 up? (Choose two.)
- A. On HQ-FortiGate, disable Diffie-Helman group 2.
- B. On both FortiGate devices, set Dead Peer Detection to On Demand.
- C. On Remote-FortiGate, set port2 as Interface.
- D. On HQ-FortiGate, set IKE mode to Main (ID protection).
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
To bring Phase 1 up, the following changes can be made:
* A. On HQ-FortiGate, disable Diffie-Helman group 2: This is incorrect because Diffie-Hellman group 2 is already selected on both devices. Disabling it would not help.
* B. On Remote-FortiGate, set port2 as Interface: This is incorrect as both sides should be consistent in their interface settings for the IPsec tunnel, and the interface is correctly set to port1 on both FortiGates in the IPsec configuration.
* C. On both FortiGate devices, set Dead Peer Detection to On Demand: This is a valid option.
Setting Dead Peer Detection (DPD) to "On Demand" helps maintain the IPsec connection by checking if the peer is still available, which can help in some cases where the connection fails due to timeouts.
* D. On HQ-FortiGate, set IKE mode to Main (ID protection): This is also a valid option because the Remote-FortiGate is already set to Main mode (ID protection). Ensuring that both ends use the same mode is crucial for successful phase 1 negotiation.
Thus, the correct answers are:C. On both FortiGate devices, set Dead Peer Detection to On Demand.D.
On HQ-FortiGate, set IKE mode to Main (ID protection).
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit.
FortiGate is configured for firewall authentication. When attempting to access an external website, the user is not presented with a login prompt.
What is the most likely reason for this situation?
- A. The user is using an incorrect user name.
- B. No matching user account exists for this user.
- C. The Service DNS is required in the firewall policy.
- D. The Remote-users group is not added to the Destination.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which statement regarding the firewall policy authentication timeout is true?
- A. It is a hard timeout. The FortiGate removes the temporary policy for a user's source MAC address after this timer has expired.
- B. It is a hard timeout. The FortiGate removes the temporary policy for a user's source IP address after this timer has expired.
- C. It is an idle timeout. The FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not see any packets coming from the user's source IP.
- D. It is an idle timeout. The FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not see any packets coming from the user's source MAC.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A. It is an idle timeout. The FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not see any packets coming from the user's source IP.
The firewall policy authentication timeout is an idle timeout, meaning that it measures the duration of inactivity for a user. If the FortiGate does not see any packets coming from the user's source IP within the specified timeout period, it considers the user to be idle and may remove the temporary policy associated with that user.
*** If there is no traffic received from the user IP address for the configured auth-timeout (5 minutes by default), user authentication entry will be removed.
* If the user tries to access resources now, FortiGate will prompt the user to authenticate again.
The firewall policy authentication timeout is indeed often an idle timeout, and the FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not detect any packets coming from the user's source IP within the specified time period.
Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD37221
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which two statements are true about the FGCP protocol? (Choose two.)
- A. FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device.
- B. FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links.
- C. FGCP is not used when FortiGate is in transparent mode.
- D. FGCP is used to discover FortiGate devices in different HA groups.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
A: FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device.
C: FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links.
The FGCP (FortiGate Clustering Protocol) is a protocol that is used to manage high availability (HA) clusters of FortiGate devices.
It performs several functions, including the following:
FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device: In an HA cluster, FGCP is used to determine which FortiGate device will be the primary device, responsible for handling traffic and making decisions about what to allow or block. FGCP uses a variety of factors, such as the device's priority, to determine which device should be the primary.
FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links: FGCP communicates between FortiGate devices in the HA cluster using the heartbeat links. These are dedicated links that are used to exchange status and control information between the devices. FGCP does not run over other types of links, such as data links.
FortiGate HA uses the Fortinet-proprietary FortiGate Clustering Protocol (FGCP) to discover members, elect the primary FortiGate, synchronize data among members, and monitor the health of members.
To discover and monitor members, the members broadcast heartbeat packets over all configured heartbeat interfaces.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Refer to the exhibit.
FortiGate has two separate firewall policies for Sales and Engineering to access the same web server with the same security profiles.
Which action must the administrator perform to consolidate the two policies into one?
- A. Enable Multiple Interface Policies to select port1 and port2 in the same firewall policy
- B. Create an Interface Group that includes port1 and port2 to create a single firewall policy
- C. Replace port1 and port2 with the any interface in a single firewall policy.
- D. Select port1 and port2 subnets in a single firewall policy.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To consolidate the two separate firewall policies for Sales and Engineering departments accessing the same web server, you can create an Interface Group that includes both port1 (Sales) and port2 (Engineering). Once the Interface Group is created, you can use this group as a single incoming interface in a single firewall policy. This approach reduces the number of policies, making management more efficient.
References:
* FortiOS 7.4.1 Administration Guide: Firewall Policy Configuration
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which two statements about equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) configuration on FortiGate are true? (Choose two.)
- A. If SD-WAN is enabled, you can configure routes with unequal distance and priority values to be part of ECMP
- B. If SD-WAN is enabled, you control the load balancing algorithm with the parameter load-balance-mode.
- C. If SD-WAN is disabled, you configure the load balancing algorithm in config system settings.
- D. If SD-WAN is disabled, you can configure the parameter v4-ecmp-mode to volume-based.
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 35
Refer to exhibit.
An administrator configured the web filtering profile shown in the exhibit to block access to all social networking sites except Twitter. However, when users try to access twitter.com, they are redirected to a FortiGuard web filtering block page.
Based on the exhibit, which configuration change can the administrator make to allow Twitter while blocking all other social networking sites?
- A. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Monitor.
- B. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Type to Simple.
- C. On the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration, set Action to Warning for Social Networking.
- D. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt.
Answer: D
Explanation:
C: On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt.
Based on the exhibit, the administrator has configured the FortiGuard Category Based Filter to block access to all social networking sites, and has also configured a Static URL Filter to block access to twitter.com. As a result, users are being redirected to a block page when they try to access twitter.com.
To allow users to access twitter.com while blocking all other social networking sites, the administrator can make the following configuration change:
On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt: By setting the Action to Exempt, the administrator can override the block on twitter.com that was specified in the FortiGuard Category Based Filter. This will allow users to access twitter.com, while all other social networking sites will still be blocked.
Note:
Tested this in a lab environment and to make this work as stated in the question the Exempt action is the only way to go, and also *.twimg.com will has to be added to the URL Filter with an Exempt action for this situation to really work!
Allow: Access is permitted. Traffic is passed to remaining operations, including FortiGuard web filter, web content filter, web script filters, and antivirus scanning.
Exempt: Allows traffic from trusted sources to bypass all security inspections.
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the following are valid actions for FortiGuard category based filter in a web filter profile ui proxy-based inspection mode? (Choose two.)
- A. Exempt
- B. Warning
- C. Learn
- D. Allow
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
A. Warning
C. Allow
In a FortiGuard category-based filter in a web filter profile using proxy-based inspection mode, "Warning" can be used to display a warning message to users attempting to access blocked content, and "Allow" permits access to URLs that match the selected categories.
Exempt is not FortiGuard category action.
In the context of FortiGate's web filter profile under proxy-based inspection mode, the valid actions for FortiGuard category-based filter include:
A. Warning
C. Allow
So, both warning and allow are valid actions for FortiGuard category-based filtering in this scenario.
Proxy: Allow, Block, Monitor, Warning, and Authenticate.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which two settings must you configure when FortiGate is being deployed as a root FortiGate in a Security Fabric topology? (Choose two.)
- A. FortiManager IP address
- B. Fabric name
- C. FortiAnalyzer IP address
- D. Pre-authorize downstream FortiGate devices
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
The correct choices for settings to configure when FortiGate is being deployed as a root FortiGate in a Security Fabric topology are:
B. FortiAnalyzer IP address - This setting is required to send logs and reports to the FortiAnalyzer for analysis and storage.
D. Fabric name - This setting is essential to identify the Security Fabric and differentiate it from other fabrics in the network.
NEW QUESTION # 38
View the exhibit.
A user at 192.168.32.15 is trying to access the web server at 172.16.32.254.
Which two statements best describe how the FortiGate will perform reverse path forwarding (RPF) checks on this traffic? (Choose two.)
- A. Strict RPF check will deny the traffic.
- B. Strict RPF check will allow the traffic.
- C. Loose RPF check will deny the traffic.
- D. Loose RPF check will allow the traffic.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
B. Loose RPF check will allow the traffic.
C. Strict RPF check will allow the traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Refer to the exhibit.
Why did FortiGate drop the packet?
- A. It matched the default implicit firewall policy
- B. The next-hop IP address is unreachable.
- C. It failed the RPF check.
- D. 11 matched an explicitly configured firewall policy with the action DENY
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which Security rating scorecard helps identify configuration weakness and best practice violations in your network?
- A. Optimization
- B. Security Posture
- C. Fabric Coverage
- D. Automated Response
Answer: B
Explanation:
Security Posture
Description of the three major scorecards is seen in Security fabric > Security rating>Security posture.
Security Posture
Identify configuration weaknesses and best practice violations in your deployment.
Fabric Coverage
Identify in your overall network, where Security Fabric can enhance visibility and control. Optimization Optimize your fabric deployment.
The Security Posture scorecard is designed to identify configuration weaknesses and best practice violations in a network. It assesses the overall security stance of an organization's network infrastructure by evaluating how well it adheres to established security practices and configurations.
When using the Security Posture scorecard, the goal is to identify areas where the network configuration may be vulnerable or where best practices are not being followed. It helps organizations assess and improve their security posture by highlighting potential weaknesses and areas that require attention.
In contrast, the other options:
A: Fabric Coverage: Typically relates to the extent of coverage provided by a security fabric across an organization's network.
B: Automated Response: Focuses on the ability of the security system to automatically respond to security events or incidents.
D: Optimization: Generally refers to the efficiency and effectiveness of security measures in place.
Therefore, for identifying configuration weaknesses and best practice violations, the Security Posture scorecard is the most relevant option.
Reference: https://www.fortinet.com/content/dam/fortinet/assets/support/fortinet-recommended-security-best-practices.pdf
NEW QUESTION # 41
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