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Juniper JN0-650 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 10
Referring to Spanning Tree Protocol, what is the function of BPDU protection?
- A. It adds a checksum to the BPDUs for authentication.
- B. It places an edge port into blocking state if BPDUs are detected on the port.
- C. It rate limits the BPDUs entering the device to prevent flooding.
- D. It places the root port into blocking state if BPDUs are detected on the port.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 11
You run a multivendor switching environment where you have configured VSTP. You have 450 VLANs and notice that some of your VLANs do not function properly. How should you change the configuration to get all
450 VLANs working?
- A. Increase the bridge priority on all VLANs to at least 16k.
- B. Enable RSTP to handle additional VLANs.
- C. Include the force-version stp; statement in your configuration
- D. Set the VLAN max-age to 3600 or more.
Answer: B
Explanation:
VSTP (VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol) is Juniper ' s implementation that provides a separate spanning tree instance for each VLAN, ensuring compatibility with Cisco ' s PVST+. However, it has significant scaling limitations:
Instance Limits: On many Juniper EX and QFX series switches, VSTP is restricted to a maximum of 253 or
510 VLAN instances depending on the software version (ELS vs. non-ELS). In your scenario, having 450 VLANs exceeds the standard 253-instance limit found on many platforms.
The Solution (Option B): When the number of VLANs exceeds the VSTP capacity, the recommended best practice is to enable RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol). Unlike VSTP, RSTP runs a single spanning tree instance for the entire switch, regardless of how many VLANs are configured. This ensures that all 450 VLANs are protected from loops without hitting the hardware ' s instance-count limit.
Other Options: Option A (force-version) only affects the BPDU format for compatibility but doesn ' t solve the instance limit. Option C and Option D are parameter tuning actions that do not address the architectural limitation of the number of running instances.
NEW QUESTION # 12
Which OSPFv2 feature provides a method for aggregating routes at an area boundary?
- A. Route redistribution
- B. Route filtering
- C. Route summarization
- D. Stub areas
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 13
You are securing Web access in the network by using captive portal. There are some devices that must be allowed to connect that do not have interactive user interfaces.
Which statement us true?
- A. A MAC whitelist and single-secure supplicant mode can be used to allow devices based on MAC address.
- B. A MAC whitelist and single supplicant mode can be used to allow devices based on MAC address.
- C. A MAC whitelist can redirect a device to a shared VLAN that bypasses captive portal.
- D. A MAC whitelist and multiple supplicant mode can be used to allow devices based on MAC address.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 14
Your network peers with two service providers. You receive a full BGP routing table from both peers and advertise those routes within the network. You do not want to provide transit service between the two service providers?
Which two options can be configured to prevent transit traffic from one service provider to the other? (Choose two.)
- A. Use routing policy to only advertise public routes assigned to your organization to external peers.
- B. Configure a default route within your network and forward traffic towards the default gateway.
- C. Use a firewall filter to block traffic from external prefixes at the BGP border routers.
- D. Configure BGP communities at each peering point and use route policy to prevent the advertisement of the transit routes to your peers.
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 15
What are two characteristics of a trunk port on a Juniper switch? (Choose two.)
- A. typically associated with a single VLAN
- B. typically carry tagged traffic
- C. typically connect to other switches or routers
- D. typically connect to end user devices
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION # 16
You have configured DSCP CoS in your network and have applied BA and multifield classifiers to all interfaces.
In this scenario, which statement is correct?
- A. You must set the BA classifier to take precedence over the multifield classifier or the configuration is ignored
- B. You must set the multifield classifier to take precedence over the BA classifier or the configuration is ignored.
- C. If traffic matches both classifiers, then the BA classifier determines into which forwarding class the traffic is assigned.
- D. If traffic matches both classifiers, then the multifield classifier determines into which forwarding class the traffic is assigned
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Junos OS Class of Service (CoS) processing, there is a specific order of operation for packet classification.
* Precedence of Multifield (MF) Classifiers:When both a Behavior Aggregate (BA) classifier and a Multifield (MF) classifier are applied to an interface, theMF classifier takes precedence.
* Processing Order:
* The BA classifier (e.g., DSCP or 802.1p) inspects the packet header and assigns an initial forwarding class and loss priority.
* The MF classifier (which looks at multiple fields like source/destination IP and port) is processed later in the pipeline.
* The "Final Word":Because the MF classifier is evaluated later, its resultsoverwriteany previous assignments made by the BA classifier. Therefore, if a packet matches both, the MF classifier determines the final forwarding class assignment.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Exhibit
Your network receives the full Internet BGP routing table from two different ISPs. You want your local routers to use Provider A to forward all Internet traffic as long as Provider A is available.
Referring to the exhibit, which two actions would satisfy this requirement? (Choose two.)
- A. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value lower for the routes that are learned by R2.
- B. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value higher for the routes that are learned by R2.
- C. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value higher for the routes that are learned by R1
- D. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value lower for the routes that are learned by R1.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
In BGP path selection, the Local Preference attribute is one of the most common ways to influence outbound traffic from an Autonomous System (AS). It is a well-known discretionary attribute that is propagated throughout the AS to tell internal routers which path is preferred for a specific destination.
Priority Rule: In the BGP selection algorithm, a higher local preference value is always preferred over a lower one. The default value in Junos OS is 100.
Influencing Outbound Traffic (Option A): To ensure that Provider A is always preferred, you would apply an import policy on R1 (the router connected to Provider A) to set the local preference of all received routes to a value higher than the default (e.g., 200). Since 200 > 100, R3 and R4 will prefer the path via R1.
Alternative Method (Option C): Conversely, you can achieve the same result by applying an import policy on R2 (the router connected to Provider B) to set the local preference to a value lower than the default (e.g., 50).
Since the routes from R1 remain at the default of 100, and 100 > 50, the path via R1 (Provider A) is preferred.
Why B and D are incorrect: Setting a higher local preference on R2 (Option B) would make Provider B the preferred exit point. Setting a lower local preference on R1 (Option D) would make Provider A the least preferred exit point.
NEW QUESTION # 18
You are securing the network by using access control on the access switch. Some devices in the network do not support 802.1x authentication, so a combination of 802.1x and MAC RADIUS will be used.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. A port can support 802.1x and MAC RADIUS simultaneously.
- B. A port can support 802.1x or MAC RADIUS, but not both.
- C. 802.1x is checked before MAC RADIUS.
- D. MAC RADIUS is checked before 802.1x.
Answer: A,C
NEW QUESTION # 19
You have configured a multi-area OSPF network. You want to limit the effect that network changes in other areas affect Area 1.
What can be done to accomplish this task?
- A. Configure overload on the area 1 ABR.
- B. Increase the value of the [protocols ospf spf-options delay].
- C. Use the [area-range] statement at the area 1 ABR to summarize routes that go to other areas.
- D. Configure Area 1 as a stub area with no summaries.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which two statements are true regarding BGP route updates? (Choose two.)
- A. Each prefix is advertised with all of its associated properties.
- B. Each path is advertised with a list of prefixes that share the same properties.
- C. BGP routes that have been sent are not refreshed by default.
- D. BGP routes that have been sent are refreshed at regular intervals by default.
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which two statements correctly describe how EX Series switches use captive portal for Layer 2 authentication? (Choose two.)
- A. The captive portal is configured on Layer 3 interfaces and does not participate in Layer 2 authentication on EX Series switches.
- B. The captive portal is the default Layer 2 authentication method that is applied before other methods such as 802 1X or MAC RADIUS.
- C. The captive portal authentication allowlist works for devices that do not have HTTP capabilities.
- D. The captive portal is used as a fallback mechanism for clients that fail 802.1X or MAC RADIUS authentication.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
In Junos OS 24.4, Captive Portal is used as a web-based authentication method for Layer 2 network access control, often in environments where 802.1X is not feasible for all users.
* Fallback Mechanism (Option D): On EX Series switches, Juniper supports a flexible authentication order. By default, the switch attempts authentication in the order of 802.1X, then MAC RADIUS, and finally Captive Portal. If a client fails both 802.1X and MAC RADIUS, the switch can fall back to Captive Portal to redirect the user to a login page.
* MAC Allowlist (Option B): Captive Portal relies on intercepting HTTP/HTTPS traffic to redirect users. However, "headless" devices like printers or cameras lack web browsers and cannot interact with the portal. To accommodate these, Junos allows administrators to configure an authentication allowlist (or whitelist), which identifies these devices by their MAC addresses and permits them to bypass the portal entirely.
* Precedence (Option A): This is incorrect because Captive Portal is generally the last method in the default sequence, not the first.
* Layer 2 Participation (Option C): While Captive Portal requires a Layer 3 interface (RVI/IRB) for the redirection process, it is explicitly used to control Layer 2 access on EX Series switches.
NEW QUESTION # 22
You are configuring a Juniper switch. You assign a VLAN to an interface, but do not configure a port mode.
Which statement is true?
- A. The port is in trunk mode.
- B. The port is in access mode.
- C. If a single VLAN member is configured, the port is placed in access mode.
- D. If multiple VLAN members are configured, the port is placed in trunk mode.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 23
You have configured a EX Series access switch to support VoIP phones. The voice VLAN has been configured to manage voice traffic. There is a computer and a VoIP phone connected to the same switch port.
The VoIP phone is sending traffic with a VLAN tag.
Which statement is true?
- A. The host must also be configured to send VLAN tagged traffic.
- B. The port facing the host and VoIP device must be configured as an access port.
- C. The VLAN tag from the VoIP phone is discarded on the switch.
- D. The port facing the host and VoIP device must be configured as a trunk port.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 24
You are deploying IP phones in your enterprise network that must receive their power through their Ethernet connection. You are using your EX Series switch's PoE ports that support IEEE 802.3af.
In this scenario, what is the maximum amount of power allocated to each interface?
- A. 50 W
- B. 10.2 W
- C. 15.4 W
- D. 30 W
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 25
What is the result of configuring a BGP multipath?
- A. Utilization of multiple feasible paths to the same destination
- B. Increased convergence time
- C. Suppression of all paths but one for each destination
- D. Decreased path diversity
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 26
You are deploying new Juniper EX Series switches in a network that currently is using Cisco's Per- VLAN spanning tree plus (PVST+) and you must provide compatibility with this environment.
Which spanning tree protocol do you deploy in this scenario?
- A. STP
- B. RSTP
- C. VSTP
- D. MSTP
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 27
When configuring Q-in-Q tunneling, which type of tunneling involves the swapping of S-VLANs with C- VLANs?
- A. many-to-many
- B. L2PT
- C. all-in-one
- D. VLAN rewrites
Answer: D
Explanation:
In a Juniper Q-in-Q (Layer 2 tunneling) environment, VLAN rewrites (specifically the swap operation) provide the most granular control over how customer traffic (C-VLANs) is mapped to service provider traffic (S-VLANs).
* VLAN Rewrites (The Swap Operation): This method involves replacing the incoming customer VLAN tag with a service provider tag as the frame enters the tunnel. This is technically a " swap " because the original C-VLAN tag is removed and the S-VLAN tag is written in its place. At the egress of the tunnel, the S-VLAN tag is swapped back for the original C-VLAN tag. This is often used when different customers use the same C-VLAN IDs and the provider needs to keep them unique within their core.
* Many-to-Many: This is a mapping style where multiple customer VLANs are mapped to multiple service provider VLANs, but it typically relies on the " push " (stacking) operation rather than a literal " swap " of the tag itself.
* All-in-One: This is the simplest form of Q-in-Q where all traffic entering an interface is " pushed " into a single S-VLAN tag, regardless of any existing C-VLAN tags. No swapping occurs; the original tags are simply buried under the new provider tag.
* L2PT (Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling): This is a feature used to tunnel Layer 2 control protocols (like STP, CDP, or LLDP) across a provider network by encapsulating them or changing their destination MAC addresses. It does not involve the swapping of VLAN tags.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which statement is true regarding the community regular expression "^((105)|(207)|(309))):((1.{3,4})|([256].*)|(.*[3479]))$"?
- A. The community value must end with a 3, 4, 7, or 9.
- B. The community value must be a 4 or 5 digit number starting with 1.
- C. The community value must start with a 2, 5, or 6.
- D. It matches AS 105, 207, or 309.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 29
Your network is configured for EVPN load balancing on three different access switches. During an outage, you notice that not all interfaces are receiving traffic as expected.
Which two requirements would you validate to identify this problem? (Choose two.)
- A. Validate that all-active is configured for only one interface per switch.
- B. Validate that the same esi value is configured on multiple interfaces on all switches.
- C. Validate that the all-active flag is configured for multiple interfaces on each switch.
- D. Validate that the same esi value is only configured on one interface per switch.
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION # 30
In Junos, which command can be used to troubleshoot IS-IS protocol issues?
- A. show isis interface
- B. show isis statistics
- C. show isis adjacency
- D. show isis database detail
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 31
Exhibit
Your network receives the full Internet BGP routing table from two different ISPs. You want your local routers to use Provider A to forward all Internet traffic as long as Provider A is available.
Referring to the exhibit, which two actions would satisfy this requirement? (Choose two.)
- A. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value lower for the routes that are learned by R2.
- B. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value higher for the routes that are learned by R2.
- C. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value higher for the routes that are learned by R1
- D. Use a routing policy to set the local preference attribute value lower for the routes that are learned by R1.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
In BGP path selection, theLocal Preferenceattribute is one of the most common ways to influence outbound traffic from an Autonomous System (AS). It is a well-known discretionary attribute that is propagated throughout the AS to tell internal routers which path is preferred for a specific destination.
* Priority Rule: In the BGP selection algorithm, ahigher local preferencevalue is always preferred over a lower one. The default value in Junos OS is100.
* Influencing Outbound Traffic (Option A): To ensure that Provider A is always preferred, you would apply an import policy onR1(the router connected to Provider A) to set the local preference of all received routes to a value higher than the default (e.g., 200). Since 200 > 100, R3 and R4 will prefer the path via R1.
* Alternative Method (Option C): Conversely, you can achieve the same result by applying an import policy onR2(the router connected to Provider B) to set the local preference to a value lower than the default (e.g., 50). Since the routes from R1 remain at the default of 100, and 100 > 50, the path via R1 (Provider A) is preferred.
* Why B and D are incorrect: Setting a higher local preference on R2 (Option B) would make Provider B the preferred exit point. Setting a lower local preference on R1 (Option D) would make Provider A the leastpreferred exit point.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Your organization uses 802 1X with a RADIUS server. If the RADIUS server stops responding, you want the fallback action to continue to permit access for devices that currently have authorization but deny any new access attempts.
Which fallback action provides this capability?
- A. permit
- B. deny
- C. use-cache
- D. vlan-name
Answer: C
Explanation:
Junos OS 24.4 provides several server-failover options for 802.1X authentication to maintain network availability when the RADIUS server is unreachable.
* Fallback Behavior (Option D):Theuse-cachefallback action allows the switch to consult its local cache of previously authenticated MAC addresses.
* If a device was already authorized and its information is in the cache, the switch willcontinue to permit accessbased on those cached credentials.
* However, if a new device (not in the cache) attempts to connect while the server is down, the switch cannot verify its credentials and willdeny the access attempt. This matches the specific requirement to permit authorized devices while denying new ones.
* Other Fallback Options:
* permit (Option C):This would allowalldevices (even new ones) to access the network, typically in a restricted "guest" or "bypass" VLAN.
* deny (Option A):This would drop all traffic from all devices on the port if the server is unreachable.
* vlan-name (Option B):This moves authenticated or unauthenticated users into a specific fallback VLAN.
NEW QUESTION # 33
In IS-IS advertising POUs with the overload bit has which effect?
- A. The IS-IS adjacencies enter the "new" state.
- B. The local device's POUs are marked with a metric of 65535.
- C. The local device will no longer be used for transit traffic.
- D. The IS-IS adjacencies become passive.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 34
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